Solar Panel Cost by City: Real Per-City Production Data
· Source: EIA Electric Power Monthly Table 5.6.A (July 2026 data) · next EIA update ~Oct 23
Most city-level solar pages are a state page with the city name pasted in. This one is not, and the reason is simple: we only publish a city if it has its own PVGIS-NSRDB modeled yield. That limits us to 66 cities across 22 states, and it means every number on these pages is measured rather than assumed.
The spreads are larger than most people expect.
| State | State figure | Cities with real data (kWh per kW) | Intra-state spread |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arizona | 1,685 | Tucson 1,711 · Phoenix 1,688 · Flagstaff 1,661 | 3% |
| California | 1,610 | Riverside 1,640 · Los Angeles 1,610 · Bakersfield 1,579 · San Diego 1,576 · Fresno 1,546 · Sacramento 1,541 · Eureka 1,302 | 26% |
| Colorado | 1,485 | Colorado Springs 1,516 · Grand Junction 1,516 · Denver 1,494 | 1% |
| Florida | 1,475 | Tampa 1,498 · Miami 1,481 · Orlando 1,458 · Jacksonville 1,416 | 6% |
| Georgia | 1,385 | Savannah 1,420 · Augusta 1,391 · Atlanta 1,387 | 2% |
| Hawaii | 1,550 | Honolulu 1,610 · Kahului 1,301 · Hilo 1,177 · Kaneohe 1,157 | 39% |
| Illinois | 1,245 | Springfield 1,296 · Rockford 1,249 · Chicago 1,235 | 5% |
| Maryland | 1,280 | Baltimore 1,343 | 0% |
| Massachusetts | 1,250 | Boston 1,257 · Worcester 1,252 · Springfield 1,220 | 3% |
| Michigan | 1,205 | Detroit 1,247 | 0% |
| Minnesota | 1,235 | Minneapolis 1,284 | 0% |
| Nevada | 1,705 | Las Vegas 1,689 · Reno 1,596 | 6% |
| New Mexico | 1,720 | Albuquerque 1,809 | 0% |
| New York | 1,270 | New York City 1,255 · Albany 1,178 · Rochester 1,137 · Buffalo 1,129 · Syracuse 1,114 | 13% |
| North Carolina | 1,375 | Charlotte 1,431 · Raleigh 1,424 | 0% |
| Ohio | 1,215 | Columbus 1,263 · Cleveland 1,209 | 4% |
| Oregon | 1,075 | Bend 1,418 · Medford 1,316 · Eugene 1,156 · Portland 1,083 | 31% |
| Pennsylvania | 1,270 | Philadelphia 1,320 · Pittsburgh 1,186 | 11% |
| Tennessee | 1,290 | Nashville 1,340 | 0% |
| Texas | 1,455 | El Paso 1,784 · Lubbock 1,682 · Corpus Christi 1,479 · San Antonio 1,457 · Dallas 1,455 · Austin 1,447 · Houston 1,389 | 28% |
| Utah | 1,430 | Salt Lake City 1,486 | 0% |
| Washington | 1,045 | Yakima 1,320 · Spokane 1,195 · Seattle 1,086 · Tacoma 1,046 · Bellingham 1,022 · Everett 999 | 32% |
Three of those deserve a second look. Kaneohe produces 39% less than Honolulu, twelve miles away over one mountain range. Everett produces 8% less than Seattle inside the same metropolitan area, because the Puget Sound convergence zone parks a cloud band over south Snohomish County. And El Paso beats Houston by 28% inside the same state, under the same retail electricity market.
Every one of those gaps is invisible in a state average, and all of them are larger than the difference a good installer quote makes.
What is the same on every page
Only production changes between a city page and its parent state page. The electricity rate (EIA state residential average), the export regime (from our state export-rules dataset) and the installed cost per watt are inherited without modification, so a city page can never contradict its state page on anything except the figure it exists to correct.
Cities we would like to add
If a city is not listed here, it is because no per-city figure has been modeled for it yet — not because it does not matter. We would rather publish 66 honest pages than 500 interpolated ones.
Production figures last verified 30 August 2026. Unshaded, 20-degree, south-facing; a 10% real-roof derate is applied separately in the shared model.
Colorado Springs, CO Solar Cost 2026: ~14.0–22.5-Yr Payback
1,516 kWh/kW puts Colorado Springs first in Colorado (vs Denver's 1,494): 14.0–22.5-yr payback at 14.45¢, PVGIS city data, federal credit $0.
How Much Is Solar in Atlanta, GA? $2.49/W, 23.8-Yr Payback
23.8 years to payback in Atlanta, not 23.1: 1,387 kWh/kW is 0.1% above the Georgia average — the state figure misleads here.
How Much Is Solar in Boston, MA? $2.91/W, 12.4-Yr Payback
1,257 kWh/kW puts Boston first in Massachusetts (vs Springfield's 1,220): 12.4-yr payback at 19.92¢, PVGIS city data, federal credit $0.
How Much Is Solar in Charlotte, NC? $2.35/W, 22.3-Yr Payback
1,431 kWh/kW puts Charlotte first in North Carolina (vs Raleigh's 1,424): 22.3-yr payback at 13.94¢, PVGIS city data, federal credit $0.
How Much Is Solar in Chicago, IL? $3.02/W, 31.3-Yr Payback
31.3 years to payback in Chicago, not 23.0: 1,235 kWh/kW is 0.8% below the Illinois average — the state figure misleads here.
How Much Is Solar in Dallas, TX? $2.25/W, 10.7–21.1-Yr Payback
10.7-yr payback in Dallas: 1,455 kWh/kW, 15.9¢/kWh, ~$18,000 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data. Priced on its own utility tariff.
How Much Is Solar in Denver, CO? $2.66/W, 12.7-Yr Payback
12.7 years to payback in Denver, not 11.4: 1,494 kWh/kW is 0.6% above the Colorado average — the state figure misleads here.
How Much Is Solar in Detroit, MI? $2.91/W, 21.4-Yr Payback
21.4-yr payback in Detroit: 1,247 kWh/kW, 20.13¢/kWh, ~$23,280 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data. Priced on its own utility tariff.
How Much Is Solar in Houston, TX? $2.25/W, 11.2–22.0-Yr Payback
11.2 years to payback in Houston, not 10.7: 1,389 kWh/kW is 4.5% below the Texas average — the state figure misleads here.
How Much Is Solar in Los Angeles, CA? 7.1–12.0-Yr Payback
7.1–12.0-yr payback in Los Angeles: 1,610 kWh/kW, 23.84¢/kWh, ~$19,760 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
How Much Is Solar in Miami, FL? $2.13/W, 11.5-Yr Payback
11.5-yr payback in Miami: 1,481 kWh/kW, 13.71¢/kWh, ~$17,040 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data. Priced on its own utility tariff.
How Much Is Solar in Minneapolis, MN? $3.23/W, 16.4-Yr Payback
16.4-yr payback in Minneapolis: 1,284 kWh/kW, 16.98¢/kWh, ~$25,840 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
How Much Is Solar in Nashville, TN? $3.56/W, 20.8–32.7-Yr Payback
20.8–32.7-yr payback in Nashville: 1,340 kWh/kW, 13.47¢/kWh, ~$28,480 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
How Much Is Solar in New York City, NY? $2.76/W, 7.0-Yr Payback
7.0-yr payback in New York City: 1,255 kWh/kW, 34.24¢/kWh, ~$22,080 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
How Much Is Solar in Orlando, FL? $2.13/W, 9.7–18.8-Yr Payback
9.7–18.8-yr payback in Orlando: 1,458 kWh/kW, 15.24–16.63¢/kWh, ~$17,040 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
How Much Is Solar in Philadelphia, PA? $2.58/W, 14.0-Yr Payback
1,320 kWh/kW puts Philadelphia first in Pennsylvania (vs Pittsburgh's 1,186): 14.0-yr payback at 16.16¢, PVGIS city data, federal credit $0.
How Much Is Solar in Phoenix, AZ? $2.21/W, 10.7–19.0-Yr Payback
10.7–19.0-yr payback in Phoenix: 1,688 kWh/kW, 13.46–16.45¢/kWh, ~$17,680 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
How Much Is Solar in Riverside, CA? $2.47/W, 8.2–14.8-Yr Payback
1,640 kWh/kW puts Riverside first in California (vs Eureka's 1,302): 8.2–14.8-yr payback at 20.2–28.25¢, PVGIS city data, federal credit $0.
How Much Is Solar in San Diego, CA? $2.47/W, 10.1-Yr Payback
10.1-yr payback in San Diego: 1,576 kWh/kW, 32.47¢/kWh, ~$19,760 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
How Much Is Solar in Seattle, WA? $2.55/W, 18.6-Yr Payback
18.6-yr payback in Seattle: 1,086 kWh/kW, 14.09¢/kWh, ~$20,400 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data. Priced on its own utility tariff.
How Much Is Solar in Tampa, FL? $2.13/W, 10.7-Yr Payback
1,498 kWh/kW puts Tampa first in Florida (vs Jacksonville's 1,416): 10.7-yr payback at 14.67¢, PVGIS city data, federal credit $0.
Solar Cost in Corpus Christi, TX 2026: ~10.5–20.8-Yr Payback
10.5-yr payback in Corpus Christi: 1,479 kWh/kW, 15.9¢/kWh, ~$18,000 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
Solar Cost in El Paso, TX 2026: ~10.3–19.7-Yr Payback
1,784 kWh/kW puts El Paso first in Texas (vs Houston's 1,389): 10.3–19.7-yr payback at 13.46¢, PVGIS city data, federal credit $0.
Solar Cost in Everett, WA 2026: ~23.8–37.6-Yr Payback
23.8–37.6 years to payback in Everett, not 18.5: 999 kWh/kW is 4.4% below the Washington average — the state figure misleads here.
Solar Cost in Grand Junction, CO 2026: ~12.6-Yr Payback
12.6-yr payback in Grand Junction: 1,516 kWh/kW, 15.05¢/kWh, ~$21,280 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
Solar Cost in Jacksonville, FL 2026: ~14.3–23.1-Yr Payback
14.3–23.1 years to payback in Jacksonville, not 10.6: 1,416 kWh/kW is 4.0% below the Florida average — the state figure misleads here.
Solar Cost in Sacramento, CA 2026: ~9.8–17.5-Yr Payback
9.8–17.5-yr payback in Sacramento: 1,541 kWh/kW, 17.87¢/kWh, ~$19,760 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
Solar Cost in Salt Lake City, UT 2026: ~23.7-Yr Payback
23.7-yr payback in Salt Lake City: 1,486 kWh/kW, 12.52¢/kWh, ~$20,000 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
Solar Cost in Springfield, IL 2026: ~20.9–33.0-Yr Payback
1,296 kWh/kW puts Springfield first in Illinois (vs Chicago's 1,235): 20.9–33.0-yr payback at 11.95¢, PVGIS city data, federal credit $0.
Solar Panel Cost in Albany, NY 2026: ~15.9-Year Payback
15.9-yr payback in Albany: 1,178 kWh/kW, 16.67¢/kWh, ~$22,080 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data. Priced on its own utility tariff.
Solar Panel Cost in Albuquerque, NM 2026: ~10.3-Year Payback
10.3-yr payback in Albuquerque: 1,809 kWh/kW, 15.57¢/kWh, ~$21,360 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
Solar Panel Cost in Augusta, GA 2026: ~23.7-Year Payback
23.7-yr payback in Augusta: 1,391 kWh/kW, 15.49¢/kWh, ~$19,920 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data. Priced on its own utility tariff.
Solar Panel Cost in Austin, TX 2026: ~17.8-Year Payback
17.8-yr payback in Austin: 1,447 kWh/kW, 12.58¢/kWh, ~$18,000 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data. Priced on its own utility tariff.
Solar Panel Cost in Bakersfield, CA 2026: ~10.3-Year Payback
10.3-yr payback in Bakersfield: 1,579 kWh/kW, 31.7¢/kWh, ~$19,760 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
Solar Panel Cost in Baltimore, MD 2026: ~11.8-Year Payback
11.8-yr payback in Baltimore: 1,343 kWh/kW, 17.91¢/kWh, ~$20,960 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
Solar Panel Cost in Bellingham, WA 2026: ~18.9-Year Payback
18.9-yr payback in Bellingham: 1,022 kWh/kW, 14.63¢/kWh, ~$20,400 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
Solar Panel Cost in Bend, OR 2026: ~14.4-Year Payback
1,418 kWh/kW puts Bend first in Oregon (vs Portland's 1,083): 14.4-yr payback at 14.02¢, PVGIS city data, federal credit $0.
Solar Panel Cost in Buffalo, NY 2026: ~16.5-Year Payback
16.5 years to payback in Buffalo, not 7.9: 1,129 kWh/kW is 11% below the New York average — the state figure misleads here.
Solar Panel Cost in Cleveland, OH 2026: ~24.3-Year Payback
24.3 years to payback in Cleveland, not 21.3: 1,209 kWh/kW is 0.5% below the Ohio average — the state figure misleads here.
Solar Panel Cost in Columbus, OH 2026: ~20.7-Year Payback
1,263 kWh/kW puts Columbus first in Ohio (vs Cleveland's 1,209): 20.7-yr payback at 19.33¢, PVGIS city data, federal credit $0.
Solar Panel Cost in Eugene, OR 2026: ~18.3–29.4-Year Payback
18.3–29.4-yr payback in Eugene: 1,156 kWh/kW, 13.07¢/kWh, ~$19,760 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
Solar Panel Cost in Eureka, CA 2026: ~12.4-Year Payback
12.4 years to payback in Eureka, not 9.7: 1,302 kWh/kW is 19% below the California average — the state figure misleads here.
Solar Panel Cost in Flagstaff, AZ 2026: ~16.1-Year Payback
1,661 kWh/kW in Flagstaff — within 1.6% of Phoenix despite 7,000 ft and real snow. About 16.1 years to payback at 16.45¢/kWh, on PVGIS city data.
Solar Panel Cost in Fresno, CA 2026: ~10.5-Year Payback
10.5-yr payback in Fresno: 1,546 kWh/kW, 31.7¢/kWh, ~$19,760 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data. Priced on its own utility tariff.
Solar Panel Cost in Hilo, HI 2026: ~11.2-Year Payback
11.2-yr payback in Hilo: 1,177 kWh/kW, 48.31¢/kWh, ~$27,120 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data. Priced on its own utility tariff.
Solar Panel Cost in Honolulu, HI 2026: ~9.0-Year Payback
9.0-yr payback in Honolulu: 1,610 kWh/kW, 42.87¢/kWh, ~$27,120 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data. Priced on its own utility tariff.
Solar Panel Cost in Kahului, HI 2026: ~10.8-Year Payback
10.8-yr payback in Kahului: 1,301 kWh/kW, 43.96¢/kWh, ~$27,120 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data. Priced on its own utility tariff.
Solar Panel Cost in Kaneohe, HI 2026: ~12.3-Year Payback
12.3 years to payback in Kaneohe, not 8.6: 1,157 kWh/kW is 25% below the Hawaii average — the state figure misleads here.
Solar Panel Cost in Las Vegas, NV 2026: ~17.9-Year Payback
17.9-yr payback in Las Vegas: 1,689 kWh/kW, 15.33¢/kWh, ~$19,040 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
Solar Panel Cost in Lubbock, TX 2026: ~9.3–18.6-Year Payback
9.3-yr payback in Lubbock: 1,682 kWh/kW, 15.9¢/kWh, ~$18,000 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data. Priced on its own utility tariff.
Solar Panel Cost in Medford, OR 2026: ~15.4-Year Payback
15.4-yr payback in Medford: 1,316 kWh/kW, 14.02¢/kWh, ~$19,760 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data. Priced on its own utility tariff.
Solar Panel Cost in Pittsburgh, PA 2026: ~10.9-Year Payback
10.9 years to payback in Pittsburgh, not 10.2: 1,186 kWh/kW is 6.6% below the Pennsylvania average — the state figure misleads here.
Solar Panel Cost in Portland, OR 2026: ~14.5-Year Payback
14.5 years to payback in Portland, not 16.4: 1,083 kWh/kW is 0.7% above the Oregon average — the state figure misleads here.
Solar Panel Cost in Raleigh, NC 2026: ~20.3-Year Payback
20.3 years to payback in Raleigh, not 21.4: 1,424 kWh/kW is 3.6% above the North Carolina average — the state figure misleads here.
Solar Panel Cost in Reno, NV 2026: ~19.7-Year Payback
19.7 years to payback in Reno, not 20.8: 1,596 kWh/kW is 6.4% below the Nevada average — the state figure misleads here.
Solar Panel Cost in Rochester, NY 2026: ~15.5-Year Payback
15.5-yr payback in Rochester: 1,137 kWh/kW, 17.76¢/kWh, ~$22,080 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
Solar Panel Cost in Rockford, IL 2026: ~31.0-Year Payback
31.0-yr payback in Rockford: 1,249 kWh/kW, 13.39¢/kWh, ~$24,160 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
Solar Panel Cost in San Antonio, TX 2026: ~27.3-Year Payback
27.3-yr payback in San Antonio: 1,457 kWh/kW, 12.43¢/kWh, ~$18,000 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
Solar Panel Cost in Savannah, GA 2026: ~23.3-Year Payback
1,420 kWh/kW puts Savannah first in Georgia (vs Atlanta's 1,387): 23.3-yr payback at 15.49¢, PVGIS city data, federal credit $0.
Solar Panel Cost in Spokane, WA 2026: ~19.8-Year Payback
19.8-yr payback in Spokane: 1,195 kWh/kW, 11.87¢/kWh, ~$20,400 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data. Priced on its own utility tariff.
Solar Panel Cost in Springfield, MA 2026: ~12.8-Year Payback
12.8 years to payback in Springfield, not 8.3: 1,220 kWh/kW is 2.4% below the Massachusetts average — the state figure misleads here.
Solar Panel Cost in Syracuse, NY 2026: ~16.7-Year Payback
16.7 years to payback in Syracuse, not 7.9: 1,114 kWh/kW is 12% below the New York average — the state figure misleads here.
Solar Panel Cost in Tacoma, WA 2026: ~24.1-Year Payback
24.1-yr payback in Tacoma: 1,046 kWh/kW, 10.81¢/kWh, ~$20,400 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data. Priced on its own utility tariff.
Solar Panel Cost in Tucson, AZ 2026: ~16.4-Year Payback
1,711 kWh/kW puts Tucson first in Arizona (vs Flagstaff's 1,661): 16.4-yr payback at 15.63¢, PVGIS city data, federal credit $0.
Solar Panel Cost in Worcester, MA 2026: ~10.8-Year Payback
10.8-yr payback in Worcester: 1,252 kWh/kW, 23.07¢/kWh, ~$23,280 for 8 kW with the federal credit at $0. PVGIS city data.
Solar Panel Cost in Yakima, WA 2026: ~19.3-Year Payback
1,320 kWh/kW puts Yakima first in Washington (vs Everett's 999): 19.3-yr payback at 11.08¢, PVGIS city data, federal credit $0.